UNIQUE ACTIVE CAKE LAYER FILTRATION
The module is designed as submerged solution with an out-to-in filtration process. It allows a targeted formation of a cake layer on the ceramic flat sheet membrane, contrary to pressurized membrane filtration solutions in which a cake layer formation needs to be avoided.
SUBMERGED OUT-TO-IN FILTRATION
- Filtration pressure on filtered water side
- No compression of formed cake layer
- High flux operation at very low pressure
- Insensitive to high suspended solids loads – cake layer formation of up several mm/cm depending on selected module / ceramic plate distance
- Long dead end filtration period
- Low and short-duration backwash requirements
- Very high recovery rate
- Low power consumption
- Easy to clean
PRESSURIZED IN-TO-OUT FILTRATION
- Filtration pressure on feed side
- Compression of formed cake layer (collected suspended solids)
- Strong decline of membrane permeability – high pressure or low flux operation
- Limited to suspended solids loads – risks of membrane blocking and clogging (additional pre-treatment recommended or frequent backwash)
- High feed pressure can lead to passing of deformable contents, like TEP and decrease filtered water quality
- High power consumption
- High cleaning efforts
BENEFITS
- Cake layer can be used as additional filter bed for enhanced removal of very small particles and colloidal fractions
- Sorption processes inside the cake layer enable the selective removal of dissolved contents, like radium, uranium, PFAS, THM, DOC, VOC, odor, taste, color
- Formed cake layer can function as protective coating to minimize biofouling or scaling
- Improvement of filtered water quality can reduce design and process efforts of subsequent treatment steps,
